How To Create Snake Game Using Python And Tkinter - Simple python games

Hello readers,

Today, I Am Going To Show You How We Can Create Simple Snake Game Using Python and Tkinter.

Introduction

readers, As we all already know that to make any skill sharp. we have to practice it as much as we can. so, if you are a new python programmer and searching for a practicing task that can help you in polishing your python programming skill then readers you came to a good site. basically, readers this python game script will boost your knowledge in both python OOP and Tkinter module. I know my some python examples look very hard for beginners but readers, believe me, my all example only look hard actually they are very easy to understand. The only reason they look hard because I am using OOP (Object Orient Programming). So, If you really want to be an expert Python programmer then don't lose your courage or guts.

How it's going to work?

Actually to make this game more easy to understand. here I am going to use Tkinter module. well, I know Tkinter is not good for gaming purpose but I am using it because it's very easy to use, easy to understand and also very powerful GUI module. so, now it's time to talk about the basic planning of snake game script code.
Basically, In this game, I am going to use Tkinter canvas widget as the ground for snake where the snake will scroll. The main reason behind using canvas widget is its powerful and wide range of shape representation facilities. In simple words, Tkinter canvas widget provides us the facility to represent various types of shape in different ways, In the different color, and with different configurations. hence with tkinter canvas widget, we don't need to worry about low-level functions & codings to make a snake game.
To make a running snake in canvas widget, I am going to use small rectangle shape available in canvas widget. basically, what I am going to do? is to make a snake coordinates list where I am going to save coordinates of snake body onto the canvas widget and whenever snake will move from one point to another, we will just update coordinates on list Basically, with snake coordinate list we will redraw snake shape every time again and again in every frame.

To capture keyboard input, we are going to use Tkinter built-in binding functions. With Tkinter binding class we can easily track keyboards output. actually for this game you need basic knowledge of python and Tkinter module because, without basic knowledge of Tkinter module this game is very difficult to understand so, I am assuming that you already aware with Tkinter module.

Now let's take a quick dive in python codes to understand what exactly I am going to do to make a snake game.

Requirements:

1. Tkinter (Built-In)

Features:

1. Cross-Platform Support

Example Code:

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# ---------------- READ ME ---------------------------------------------
# This Script is Created Only For Practise And Educational Purpose Only
# This is an Example Of Tkinter Canvas Graphics
# This Script Is Created For http://www.bitforestinfo.com
# This Script is Written By
__author__='''

######################################################
                By                            
######################################################

    Suraj Singh
     
     
    surajsinghbisht054@gmail.com
    http://www.bitforestinfo.com/

     
######################################################
'''
print __author__
# ============= Configuration ==================================
PLAYGROUND_WIDTH=700
PLAYGROUND_HEIGHT=400
PLAYGROUND_COLOR='powder blue'
SNAKE_HEAD_COLOR="red"
SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED=8

# ==============================================================


# Importing Modules
try:
 import Tkinter
except:
 import tkinter as Tkinter

import time, random

# Creating Main Function
class main(Tkinter.Tk):
 def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
  Tkinter.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
  # Trigger Of Other Functions 
  self.creating_playground()
  self.creating_snake_head()
  self.creating_snake_moving_settings()
  self.creating_score_board()
  self.bind('<Any-KeyPress>',self.connecting_head_with_keys)

 # Creating Score Board
 def creating_score_board(self):
  self.scoreboard=Tkinter.Label(self, text="Score : {}".format(self.score))
  self.scoreboard.pack(anchor='n')
  return
 # Updating Score Board
 def update_score_board(self):
  self.score=self.score+1
  self.scoreboard['text']="Score : {}".format(self.score)
  #SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED=SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED+1
  return
 # Creating Snake Moving Settings
 def creating_snake_moving_settings(self):
  self.x=SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  self.y=0
  self.roadmap=[(0,0)]
  self.bodylength=3
  self.snake_target=None
  self.gamevalid=1
  self.score=0
  return
 # Creating Snake Moving Head
 def connecting_head_with_keys(self, event=None):
  key=event.keysym
  if key=='Left':
   self.turn_left()
  elif key=='Right':
   self.turn_right()
  elif key=='Up':
   self.turn_up()
  elif key=='Down':
   self.turn_down()
  else:
   pass
  return
 # Creating Turning Function
 def turn_left(self):
  self.x=-SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  self.y=0
  return
 # Creating Turning Function
 def turn_right(self):
  self.x=SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  self.y=0
  return
 # Creating Turning Function
 def turn_up(self):
  self.x=0
  self.y=-SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  return
 # Creating Turning Function
 def turn_down(self):
  self.x=0
  self.y=SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  return
 # Creating snake Head
 def creating_snake_head(self):
  self.snake=self.board.create_rectangle(1,1,11,11,fill=SNAKE_HEAD_COLOR)
  return
 # Creating Ground
 def creating_playground(self):
  self.board=Tkinter.Canvas(self, width=PLAYGROUND_WIDTH, height=PLAYGROUND_HEIGHT, background=PLAYGROUND_COLOR)
  self.board.pack(padx=10, pady=10)
  return
 # Function For Moving Head
 def moving_snake_head(self):
  self.board.move(self.snake,self.x,self.y)
  x1,y1,x2,y2=self.board.coords(self.snake)
  if x1<=0 or y1<=0:
   self.x=0
   self.y=0
   self.game_loss()
  elif PLAYGROUND_HEIGHT<=y2 or PLAYGROUND_WIDTH<=x2:
   self.x=0
   self.y=0
   self.game_loss()
  return
 # Game Loss
 def game_loss(self):
  self.board.create_text(PLAYGROUND_WIDTH/2,PLAYGROUND_HEIGHT/2,text="Game Over"\
   ,font=('arial 60 bold'),fill='red')
  self.gamevalid=0
  return
 # Snake Regularly Moving
 def re_update(self):
  self.moving_snake_head()
  self.update_snake_body_structure()
  self.food_of_snake()
  return
 # Snake Food
 def food_of_snake(self):
  if self.snake_target==None:
   x1=random.randint(15,PLAYGROUND_WIDTH-15)
   y1=random.randint(15,PLAYGROUND_HEIGHT-15)
   self.snake_target=self.board.create_oval(x1,y1,x1+10,y1+10,fill='yellow', tag="food")
  if self.snake_target:
   x1,y1,x2,y2=self.board.coords(self.snake_target)
   if len(self.board.find_overlapping(x1,y1,x2,y2))!=1:
    self.board.delete("food")
    self.snake_target=None
    self.update_score_board()
  return
 # Creating Snake Body Moving Function
 def update_snake_body_structure(self):
  x1,y1,x2,y2=self.board.coords(self.snake)
  x2=(x2-((x2-x1)/2))
  y2=(y2-((y2-y1)/2))
  self.roadmap.append((x2,y2))
  self.board.delete('body')
  if len(self.roadmap)>=self.bodylength:
   self.roadmap=self.roadmap[-self.bodylength:]
  self.board.create_line(tuple(self.roadmap), tag="body",width=10,fill=SNAKE_HEAD_COLOR)
  return

# Script Trigger
if __name__ == '__main__':
  root=main(className=" Snake Game ")
  while True:
   root.update()
   root.update_idletasks()
   root.re_update()
   time.sleep(0.09)

If Anyone Wants To Download Then Click here

ScreenShots:

Cool!

Example Code Explanations

Basic Structure of Our game

# Creating Main Function
class main(Tkinter.Tk):
 def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
  Tkinter.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
  # Trigger Of Other Functions 
  self.creating_playground()
  self.creating_snake_head()
  self.creating_snake_moving_settings()
  self.creating_score_board()
  self.bind('&lt;Any-KeyPress&gt;',self.connecting_head_with_keys)

# Script Trigger
if __name__ == '__main__':
  root=main(className=" Snake Game ")
  while True:
   root.update()
   root.update_idletasks()
   root.re_update()
   time.sleep(0.09)

1. Functions Responsible for creating shapes and widgets.

 # Creating Score Board
 def creating_score_board(self):
  self.scoreboard=Tkinter.Label(self, text="Score : {}".format(self.score))
  self.scoreboard.pack(anchor='n')
  return

 # Creating Snake Moving Settings
 def creating_snake_moving_settings(self):
  self.x=SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  self.y=0
  self.roadmap=[(0,0)]
  self.bodylength=3
  self.snake_target=None
  self.gamevalid=1
  self.score=0
  return

 # Creating snake Head
 def creating_snake_head(self):
  self.snake=self.board.create_rectangle(1,1,11,11,fill=SNAKE_HEAD_COLOR)
  return

 # Creating Ground
 def creating_playground(self):
  self.board=Tkinter.Canvas(self, width=PLAYGROUND_WIDTH, height=PLAYGROUND_HEIGHT, background=PLAYGROUND_COLOR)
  self.board.pack(padx=10, pady=10)
  return

2. Functions Responsible For Providing Moving Facilities

 # Updating Score Board
 def update_score_board(self):
  self.score=self.score+1
  self.scoreboard['text']="Score : {}".format(self.score)
  #SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED=SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED+1
  return

 # Creating Snake Moving Settings
 def creating_snake_moving_settings(self):
  self.x=SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  self.y=0
  self.roadmap=[(0,0)]
  self.bodylength=3
  self.snake_target=None
  self.gamevalid=1
  self.score=0
  return

 # Creating Snake Moving Head
 def connecting_head_with_keys(self, event=None):
  key=event.keysym
  if key=='Left':
   self.turn_left()
  elif key=='Right':
   self.turn_right()
  elif key=='Up':
   self.turn_up()
  elif key=='Down':
   self.turn_down()
  else:
   pass
  return

 # Creating Turning Function
 def turn_left(self):
  self.x=-SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  self.y=0
  return

 # Creating Turning Function
 def turn_right(self):
  self.x=SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  self.y=0
  return

 # Creating Turning Function
 def turn_up(self):
  self.x=0
  self.y=-SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  return

 # Creating Turning Function
 def turn_down(self):
  self.x=0
  self.y=SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED
  return

 # Function For Moving Head
 def moving_snake_head(self):
  self.board.move(self.snake,self.x,self.y)
  x1,y1,x2,y2=self.board.coords(self.snake)
  if x1&lt;=0 or y1&lt;=0:
   self.x=0
   self.y=0
   self.game_loss()
  elif PLAYGROUND_HEIGHT&lt;=y2 or PLAYGROUND_WIDTH&lt;=x2:
   self.x=0
   self.y=0
   self.game_loss()
  return

 # Creating Snake Body Moving Function

 def update_snake_body_structure(self):
  x1,y1,x2,y2=self.board.coords(self.snake)
  x2=(x2-((x2-x1)/2))
  y2=(y2-((y2-y1)/2))
  self.roadmap.append((x2,y2))
  self.board.delete('body')
  if len(self.roadmap)&gt;=self.bodylength:
   self.roadmap=self.roadmap[-self.bodylength:]
  self.board.create_line(tuple(self.roadmap), tag="body",width=10,fill=SNAKE_HEAD_COLOR)
  return

3. Function for responsible for snake food

 # Snake Food
 def food_of_snake(self):
  if self.snake_target==None:
   x1=random.randint(15,PLAYGROUND_WIDTH-15)
   y1=random.randint(15,PLAYGROUND_HEIGHT-15)
   self.snake_target=self.board.create_oval(x1,y1,x1+10,y1+10,fill='yellow', tag="food")
  if self.snake_target:
   x1,y1,x2,y2=self.board.coords(self.snake_target)
   if len(self.board.find_overlapping(x1,y1,x2,y2))!=1:
    self.board.delete("food")
    self.snake_target=None
    self.update_score_board()
  return

4 Function for regularly updating all other necessary movement-related functions.

 # Snake Regularly Moving
 def re_update(self):
  self.moving_snake_head()
  self.update_snake_body_structure()
  self.food_of_snake()
  return

5. Configuration

# ============= Configuration ==================================
PLAYGROUND_WIDTH=700
PLAYGROUND_HEIGHT=400
PLAYGROUND_COLOR='powder blue'
SNAKE_HEAD_COLOR="red"
SNAKE_MOVING_SPEED=8

This tutorial Ends here,
I hope you enjoyed it.

For any question or Suggestion or help
post Comment below.

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